2004
OKO v. Estonia OKO Pankki Oyj and others (formerly OKO Osuuspankkien Keskuspankki Oyj and others) v. Republic of Estonia (ICSID Case No. ARB/04/6)
Estonia
Finland
Rights under certain loan agreement, payment agreement, guarantee issued to secure payments under loan agreement, and certain mortgage contract.
Claims arising out of Estonia's alleged default on a loan agreement which had been made to a joint venture Estonian company by the claimants, two Finnish banks and a German bank.
Tertiary: K - Financial and insurance activities
64 - Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding
ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes)
ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes)
De Witt Wijnen, O. L. O.
Veeder, V. V.
Fortier, L. Y.
Decided in favour of investor
24.00 mln EUR (30.00 mln USD)
12.00 mln EUR (17.70 mln USD)
Indirect expropriation

Fair and equitable treatment/Minimum standard of treatment, including denial of justice claims

Full protection and security, or similar

Umbrella clause
Fair and equitable treatment/Minimum standard of treatment, including denial of justice claims
None