2015
OperaFund and Schwab v. Spain OperaFund Eco-Invest SICAV PLC and Schwab Holding AG v. Kingdom of Spain (ICSID Case No. ARB/15/36)
Spain
Malta

Switzerland
Investments in two photovoltaic projects, the “PASO Project” in Majorca and the “ECO 3 Project” in Badajoz, through special purpose vehicles and participative loans held by wholly-owned subsidiaries Paso-Palma Sol Gestión de Proyectos, S.L. and Ecoinversión en Extremadura 3 S.L.
Claims arising out of a series of energy reforms undertaken by the Government affecting the renewables sector, including a 7 per cent tax on power generators’ revenues and a reduction in subsidies for renewable energy producers.
Tertiary: D - Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
Tertiary: H - Transportation and storage
35 - Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
49 - Land transport and transport via pipelines
ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes)
ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes)
Böckstiegel, K.-H.
Reinisch, A.
Sands, P.
Decided in favour of investor
42.00 mln EUR (46.40 mln USD)
29.30 mln USD
Fair and equitable treatment/Minimum standard of treatment, including denial of justice claims

Full protection and security, or similar

Umbrella clause

Arbitrary, unreasonable and/or discriminatory measures
Fair and equitable treatment/Minimum standard of treatment, including denial of justice claims
ICSID annulment proceedings
ICSID annulment proceedings
Award/decision upheld
Feighery, T. J. (President)

Argueta Pinto, M. (Member)

De Quadros, F. (Member)